Difference between revisions of "Dexeris"

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Dexeris Dya. aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in ca. alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.
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Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.
  
  

Revision as of 10:19, 29 August 2012

Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.


Translation:

Concerning Dexeris Dyascorides says: Dexeris or they call it cestris, the Romans call it gladiolus, it has leaves similar to iris, but broader and more pointed, in the middle of the leaves is a stalk that is one cubit long and it is thick, and on its stalk there are little heads that have their seeds in pods, similar to cucumis {"cucumber"}, the seed is round and dark and of pungent taste; its root is knotty, long and reddish, etc. And in another chapter with the title de gladiolo {"On the gladiole"} it is witten as deteris.


Commentary:

This chapter is made up of large excerpts from ultimately Dioscorides Longobardus, pp. 18/19, book IV, chapter XXII De xeris, with the heading obviously misinterpreted by Simon or his predecessors as one word: Dexeris. The heading would be in more classical Latin: De xyride. 'xeris' itself is a Vulgar Latin form of the classical xyris,idis, i.e. xўris > xĭris > xẹris. The word is borrowed from Greek where it has a large number of variants: ξυρίς /xyrís/, ξιρίς /xirís/, ξειρίς /xeirís/ and ξείρης /xeírēs/.

The plant is often identified with "gladwyn, Iris foetidissima".


See also: Cestras, Deteris, Gladiolus, Xifion

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