Fungi

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Fungi vocatur arabice fatar, grece vero micete, species vero eorum multe sunt. Plinius similes tuberibus sunt qui in cirenayca vocantur missi precipui suavitate odore ac sapore sed carnosiores tuberibus et cetera, et infra, sunt in fungorum genere dicte a grecis pezice que sine radice aut pediculo nascuntur.


Apparatus:

Fungi AC e | Fongi B

fatar AC e | fatal B

vero eorum (eorum A) AC | eorũ B e

tuberibus (-bus e) sunt AC e | sũt tuberibus & cetera B

cirenayca AC | cirenaica e | cĩeraica B

missi AC | misi B e | misy Pliny

precipui AC | precipui e | papui B

ac sapore om. B

et cetera om. B e

et infra C | & ĩfra AB | Et ita e

fungorum (-ruʒ A) AC | fongorũ e | fõgorũ B

pezice B e | pezicae Pliny | pozide AC


Translation:

Fungi {"mushrooms"} are called fatar in Arabic, micete in Greek, and there are many kinds of them. Pliny says: they are simlar to tuber {"truffle"} that are called missi in Cirenayca, they are foremost in sweetness and odour and taste but fleshier than tuber, etc. and further down Pliny says: called by the Greeks pezice there is also another kind of mushrooms and they grow without root or stalk.


Commentary:

Wehr (1976): ﻓﻄﺮ /fuṭr/ "fungi, mushrooms". Siggel (1950: 56): ﻓﻄﺮ /fuṭur/ e. Pilz, Champignon {i.e. "a mushroom, field mushroom"}.

Greek μύκης /mýkēs/, pl. μύκητες /mýkētes/, means "mushroom or fungus" or "anything shaped like a mushroom".

Simon uses a hybrid form, which already occurs in Dioscorides Longobardus, i.e. with a Latinized ending: mycetae > Vulgar & medieval Latin micete, sg. miceta.

Simon's entry consists of an introductory sentence giving the Arabic and Greek words for "fungus", followed by two short quotes from Pliny, the first quote being, 19, 12, 36, ed. Rackham (1938-63: V.442), which says: Simile est et quod in Cyrenaica provincia vocant misy, praecipuum suavitate odoris ac saporis, sed carnosius … – "There is a similar plant {sc. to truffle}, which is called misy in the province of Cyrenaica. They call it misy; it is outstanding in sweetness of smell and taste, but it is fleshier".

And the second quote is from ibid., 19, 12, 38, ed. Rackham (1938-63: V.444): Sunt et in fungorum genere Graecis dicti pezicae, qui sine radice aut pediculo nascuntur – "Also in the class of fungi/mushrooms are the pezicae as the Greeks call them, which grow without root and stalk".


See also: Micete, Fatar


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