Tarmus
Tarmus arabice vel termes et est post grecum nam terma dicunt et est lupinus.
Apparatus:
Tarmus (-us A) AC efp | Tarmus uel (ul’ j) tarinus (-us j) B j {'m' misread as 'in'}
termes AC e | termes or tenues? j | tarmos B | turmes f | t̄mes p
est | ea p
post BC fjp | p’ A {= post} | po. ms. e
terma (terma ms. e) ABC ef | t̄ma p | tenua or terma? j
{dicunt et} est om. p
lupinus | luppinus p
Translation:
Tarmus in Arabic or termes is formed after a Greek word, because the Greeks say terma and it means in Latin lupinus {"lupine"}.
Commentary:
Tarmus:
Wehr (1976): ﺗﺮﻣﺲ /turmus/, ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺲ /turmūs/ "lupine" (bot.).
Siggel (1950: 23): ﺗﺮﻣﺲ /tirmis/, ﺗﺮﻣﺰ /turmuz/ Lupinus (Tirmis) (Leg.)
A vocalisation closer to Simon’s is found in Asín Palacios (1943: 119): “229. FAYCHIELA, FAYCHCHILA …" where ﺗﺮﻣﺲ /tarmus/ is translated into Romance as faychiela, faychchila,, Mozarabic words for perhaps the “lupin bean”, cf. Modern Spanish habichuela {“kidney bean”}. Cf. also COROMINAS (1980-91: G-MA.294), s.v. HABA {“bean”}.
Also Asín Palacios (1943: 381): “715. FAYACO ..." where ﺗﺮﻣﺲ /tarmus/ is translated into Romance as fayaco; the latter term remains withour comment by Asín Palacios
A more fitting vocalisation is also listed in Karbstein’s Arabic-Romance glossary of early 17th c. Spain, (2002: 85): Lupine Lupinus albus L: ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺲ ﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺶ ... /... al-tarmus ʕağamīya tarmūsaš/ – "/al-tarmus/ is in Romance /tarmūsaš/
termes:
Simon’s variant termes probably represents the Arabic variant /tirmis/. Arabic – very similar to English – has different sound qualities for the long ī and the short ĭ, cf. English "feet" {IPA [fi:t]} and more open "fit" {IPA fɩt}. The sound /ɩ/, the one in /tirmis/, is very rare in the Romania and could easily have been heard by someone with an Italianate background like Simon as /e/.
Andalusi Arabic ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺲ /tarmūs/ is the source for Catalan tramús {IPA [trǝ'mus]}, Portuguese tremoço {IPA [trǝ'mosu̥]}/ Old Portuguese tramoço, and with the Arabic article it is the source for Modern Spanish altramuz/ Older Spanish altarmuz/ atramuz (Machado, 1977: V.334). The Romance form ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺶ /tarmūsaš/ is most likely a plural.
The word ﺗﺮﻣﺲ /turmus/ etc. entered Arabic most probably through Syriac mediation, cf. Gignoux (2011: 89): twrms «lupin». Syriac in turn loaned it from Greek Θέρμος /thérmos/ "lupine, Lupinus albus" (LSJ).
Simon sees the Arabic word derived from a late Greek terma, see Terma.
For information on the lupin bean see [[1]].
WilfGunther 19:02, 18 April 2015 (BST)
See also: Lupinus semen
