https://simonofgenoa.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=WilfGunther&feedformat=atomSimon Online - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T00:52:41ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.25.1https://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Zebel&diff=34607Zebel2017-01-01T20:57:23Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Zebel arabice stercus et chara similiter.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Whole entry missing in f <br /><br />
Zebel AC | Zebeb B | Zeleb ej | Zebet p <br /><br />
et chara similiter ''om''. j<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Zebel'' is Arabic for dung and ''chara'' means something similar.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Cf. Wehr (1976): ﺫﺑﻝ /zibl/ "dung, manure". Wehr: ﺧﺮﺍﺀ /ḫarā’/ "excrement, feces".<br />
<br />
A vocalisation closer to Simon’s is found in the Vocabulista glossary <br /><br />
ed. Schiaparelli (1871: 111): ﺫﺑﻝ /zab(a)l/ Fimus, stercus {i.e. dung, excrement”} [[https://archive.org/stream/vocabulistainara00bibluoft#page/111/mode/1up]]; (1871: 591): STERCUS ﺫﺑﻝ /zab(a)l/ [[https://archive.org/stream/vocabulistainara00bibluoft#page/591/mode/1up]].<br />
<br />
Also in de Alcalá (1883: 246): ''estiercol'' {“excrement”} ''zébel''. ''estiercol de onbre'' {“human excrement”} ''ḳará''<br />
[[https://archive.org/stream/petrihispanidel00lagagoog#page/n269/mode/1up]]; <br /> <br />
(1883: 274): ''hienda'' {“dung”} … zébel. ''Hienda o estiercol'' ''ḳará''<br />
[[https://archive.org/stream/petrihispanidel00lagagoog#page/n297/mode/1up]].<br />
<br />
Cf. also Corriente (1997: 226), s.v. '''*(ZBL)''' for further witnesses.<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 15:55, 13 December 2015 (GMT)<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Zebd | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Henta&diff=34606Henta2017-01-01T20:54:59Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Henta arabice frumentum quod et bor dicitur.<br />
<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
''Whole entry om.'' f <br /><br />
Henta AC ejp| Henca B {'t' misread as 'c'} <br /><br />
frumentum | furmentum B <br /><br />
{frumentum} ''ms''. j adds: g''re''ce; scribe of ''ms''. p adds an attempt to write ﺣﻨﻄﺔ /ḥinṭa/ in Arabic script <br /><br />
{bor} scribe of ''ms''. p adds an attempt to write ﺑﺮ /burr/ in Arabic script <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Henta'' is Arabic for Latin ''frumentum'' {"corn, grain"}, which is also called ''bor'' {in Arabic}. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Henta'': <br /><br />
Wehr (1976): ﺣﻨﻄﺔ /ḥinṭa/ "wheat"; ﺑﺮ /burr/ "wheat". <br /><br />
Siggel (1950: 30) ﺣﻨﻄﺔ /ḥinṭa/ Triticum (Gram.), Weizen {i.e. "wheat"}. id. p. 19: ﺑﺮ /burr/ Triticum vulgare (Gram.) Weizen {i.e. "wheat"}. <br />
<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 15:10, 16 November 2015 (GMT)<br />
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See also [[Kamchah]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Heraclea (1) | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=R_littera&diff=34605R littera2017-01-01T16:08:25Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>R littera est eadem apud arabes et apud grecos ut apud nos: nisi quia apud grecos est aspiratum in principio dictionis unde semper in grecis dictionibus rite cum aspiratione scriberetur ut rhoda rhetorica et similia.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The letter 'R' has the same {phonetic} value with the Arabs, the Greeks and with us. Only with the Greeks the sound is aspirated at the beginning of the word, which is why in Greek words it is always commonly written with aspiration, like ''rhoda'', ''rhetorica'', and similar words. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Phonetically it can be assumed that they were all "rolled r's", as is still the case in modern Arabic, Greek and most Romance languages.<br />
<br />
The Arabic alphabet has ﺭ,ﺭﺍﺀ /rāʔ/, Greek has Ρ,ρ ῥῶ /rhô/ and Latin has 'R,r'. All of these are most likely ultimately derived from the same source, a Sinaitic Semitic proto-alphabet that developed around the first half of the second millennium BC. <br />
<br />
Greek word-initial aspiration of /r/, phonetically a devoicing of the sound, was already lost in the Koine period of Greek, i.e. 300 BC – 300 AD, so it had long ceased to be pronounced in Simon's time, but was kept on as a purely conservative spelling habit. Thus Simon did never hear an aspirated 'r', but his pronouncement must be judged as a purely orthographic statement, because until quite recently the distinction between spoken sound and written letter was blurred.<br />
<br />
Aspiration of /r/ also occurred in pre-Koine Greek optionally in gemination as in μύῤῥα /mýrrha/ "myrrh", but was lost in the Koine period in spoken language too.<br />
<br />
Wilf Gunther 20/01/14<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Rahadac | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Rhincho&diff=34604Rhincho2017-01-01T16:05:21Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Rhincho grece rostrum et scribitur rigchos et profertur rinchos.<br />
<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Rhincho AC | Rincho efjp | Rĩco B <br /><br />
rigchos AC efp | rigeos B j {‘c’ misread as ‘e’} <br /><br />
Ms. p adds an attempt at writing ῥύγχοϛ /rhýnkhos/ in Greek script<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Rhincho'' is the Greek word for Latin ''rostrum'' {"bill or beak of a bird, the snout, muzzle, mouth of animal"}, and it is spelt ''rigchos'', but pronounced ''rinchos''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Rhincho'': <br /><br />
Cf. Greek ῥύγχοϛ /rhýnkhos/ "snout, muzzle (of pigs, dogs and other quadrupeds); beak, bill (of birds)".<br />
<br />
For the aspiration of word-initial rho: “Ρ,ρ “ {i.e. in the Latin alphabet: “R,r”) in classical Greek and later loss of it see [[R littera]]: ῥ- /rh-/ > /r-/. The spelling '''''Rh'''incho'' in witnesses AC is purely etymologising and does not indicate any special “aspirated” pronunciation. <br /> <br />
Simon’s form is also affected by the late Greek sound-change υ > ι = /y > i/: classical ῥύ- /rhý-/ > itacist /rí-/. <br /><br />
For the Greek spelling /rhý'''g'''khos/ but pronounced /rhý'''n'''khos/, itacist /rí'''n'''khos/ see [[G littera]].<br />
<br />
The missing final "s" in the headword ''Rhincho'' is most likely due to a scribe's negligence.<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 16:05, 1 January 2017 (GMT)<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Rhion | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Epialtes&diff=34603Epialtes2017-01-01T12:10:19Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Epialtes dicunt greci nos effialtes incubus.<br />
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<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
nos ABC fjp | nomĩe ''ms''. e <br /><br />
effialtes AC ef | efialtes B | efficaltes jp <br /><br />
Ms. p adds an attempts at writing ἐπιάλτης /epiáltēs/ in Greek script<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Epialtes'' is what the Greeks say, we say ''effialtes'' or ''incubus''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Epialtes'': <br /><br />
Cf. Greek ἐφιάλτης /ephiáltēs/, and the Aeolian form ἐπιάλτης /epiáltēs/, means "nightmare, conceived as a throttling demon" (LSJ). Why Simon sees the Aeolian form as the common Greek form remains unclear. The word is of uncertain etymology but even in antiquity it was folk-etymologically connected with ἐφάλλομαι /ephállomai/ "to spring upon, attack".<br />
<br />
The ''incubus'' was believed to be a male demon that "lies upon" – Latin ''incubo'' – people, normally women, in their sleep for sexual gratification. The female of the species is called ''succubus'', because she normally "lies under" a male sleeper – Latin ''succubo'' "to lie under" - to steal intercourse. To the medieval mind no good could come of it and it was thought to lead to the deterioration of the victim's health and ultimately to death. Night demons with sexual intentions are a staple of most ancient mythologies.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 10/11/2013<br />
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<br />
See also: [[Effialte]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Epicatis | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=B_littera&diff=34602B littera2016-12-31T18:32:41Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>B litteram greci vita vocant et in sono .u. consonantis proferunt. Nam dicunt vasilica, latini vero in sonum nostri .b. transferunt et dicunt basilica, aliter autem greci litteram .b. non proferunt nisi quando .m. antecedit .p. tunc illud .p. in sono .b. proferunt, nam scribunt ampelos et legunt ambelos .b. vero arabes eodem modo secundam scribunt in serie sicut latini et eundem sonum habet, verum sepe sine vocali aliqua per additionem notarum variatur et facit ba, be, bi, bo, vel bu, ut cetere consonantes eorum.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
In print B the wrong initial, i.e. '''A''' instead of '''B''', was used but crossed out and corrected to ''.b.'' in the left margin. <br /><br />
vita | vitam jp <br /><br />
{vero} in sonum ABC efp | in sono j <br /><br />
nostri ''om''. f <br /><br />
aliter autem greci litteram .b. non proferunt ''om''. p <br /><br />
{greci litteram} .b. | be ''ms''. e <br /><br />
.p. tunc illud ''om''. e <br /><br />
{.p.} in sono .b. (nostri ''add''. B ep) ABC ep | in n''ostr''o sono .b. ''ms''. j | in sonum .b. n''ostr''i f <br /> <br />
nam scribunt ''om''. f <br /><br />
{ambelos .b.} Vero - new paragraph f | vero AC jp | verum f | nota ''ms''. e <br /><br />
additionem AC j | adictionem B e | addicioneʒ f | aditionem p <br /><br />
variatur ''om''. e <br /><br />
bi, bo ''om''. p <br /><br />
ut cetere A | et cetere C | sicut et {et ''om''. f) cetere B efp | sic et cetere j <br /><br />
eorum ''om''. f<br />
<br />
Yann Dahhaoui ''L'Atelier'' ... (2001: 208) established the same text on the basis of his collations: <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The Greeks' name for the letter B is ''vita'' and in sound they pronounce it like the consonant /v/. For they say '''''v'''asilica'', but we Latin speakers assign to it the sound of our /b/ and we say '''''b'''asilica''. On no other occasion do the Greeks pronounce the letter B like /b/ unless in a word the letter M precedes the letter P; then this letter P they pronounce like a /b/, i.e. they write ''am'''p'''elos'' but they read it as ''am'''b'''elos'' with /b/. <br />
<br />
The Arabs also write this letter as the second in their alphabetic sequence just like the Latins and it has the same sound value; but often it is written without any vowel and this can only be changed by the addition of diacritics which then results in ''ba'', ''be'', ''bi'', ''bo'' or ''bu'', something they do with their other consonants, too.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Greek: <br /><br />
The Greek letter is βῆτα /bḗta/ Β,β and it is the 2nd letter in the Greek alphabet.<br />
<br />
Simon comments on some Koine Greek sound changes. <br /><br />
The change from /b/ > /v/ occurred relatively early in the 1st century AD. <br /><br />
Also 'η' > 'ι', /ē/ > /i/, which results in Classical Greek /bḗta/ > /vita/, the latter pronunciation is also used in Modern Greek. <br />
<br />
Somewhat later the sound /p/ - represented by "π" - when preceded by "μ" {representing /m/} became voiced in this environment in Koine, i.e. it changed into /b/. Simon chooses for illustration the word ἄμπελος Classical Greek /ámpelos/ but Koine /ámbelos/ "any climbing plant with tendrils, esp. grape-vine". This sound change is also characteristic of Modern Greek, cf. Ὄλυμπος written /Ólympos/ but pronounced /Ólimbos/. Cf. [[Ambelos]] <br />
<br />
Arabic: <br /><br />
The Arabic letter is ﭚ, named ﺑﺎﺀ /bāʔu/, and it is the 2nd letter in the Arabic alphabet.<br />
<br />
Concerning Arabic, Simon rightly says that on the whole only consonants are written down, but the Arabic script has diacritic marks available for three distinct places of vowel articulation: /i,ī - u,ū – a,ā/. However these diacritics are only ever used in exceptional circumstances, e.g. to disambiguate holy texts. <br />
<br />
Simon's apparently un-Arabic syllables "be" and "bo" reflect variant Arabic pronunciations as heard by Europeans but not felt to be any different by native speakers of Arabic; cf. the appropriate section on vowels in Arabic in [[(A littera)]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:06, 31 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Bahar (1) | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=B_littera&diff=34601B littera2016-12-31T18:29:31Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>B litteram greci vita vocant et in sono .u. consonantis proferunt. Nam dicunt vasilica, latini vero in sonum nostri .b. transferunt et dicunt basilica, aliter autem greci litteram .b. non proferunt nisi quando .m. antecedit .p. tunc illud .p. in sono .b. proferunt, nam scribunt ampelos et legunt ambelos .b. vero arabes eodem modo secundam scribunt in serie sicut latini et eundem sonum habet, verum sepe sine vocali aliqua per additionem notarum variatur et facit ba, be, bi, bo, vel bu, ut cetere consonantes eorum.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
In print B the wrong initial, i.e. '''A''' instead of '''B''', was used but crossed out and corrected to ''.b.'' in the left margin. <br /><br />
vita | vitam jp <br /><br />
{vero} in sonum ABC efp | in sono j <br /><br />
nostri ''om''. f <br /><br />
aliter autem greci litteram .b. non proferunt nisi ''om''. p <br /><br />
{greci litteram} .b. | be ''ms''. e <br /><br />
.p. tunc illud ''om''. e <br /><br />
{.p.} in sono .b. (nostri ''add''. B ep) ABC ep | in n''ostr''o sono .b. ''ms''. j | in sonum .b. n''ostr''i f <br /> <br />
nam scribunt ''om''. f <br /><br />
{ambelos .b.} Vero - new paragraph f | vero AC jp | verum f | nota ''ms''. e <br /><br />
additionem AC j | adictionem B e | addicioneʒ f | aditionem p <br /><br />
variatur ''om''. e <br /><br />
bi, bo ''om''. p <br /><br />
ut cetere A | et cetere C | sicut et {et ''om''. f) cetere B efp | sic et cetere j <br /><br />
eorum ''om''. f<br />
<br />
Yann Dahhaoui ''L'Atelier'' ... (2001: 208) established the same text on the basis of his collations: <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The Greeks' name for the letter B is ''vita'' and in sound they pronounce it like the consonant /v/. For they say '''''v'''asilica'', but we Latin speakers assign to it the sound of our /b/ and we say '''''b'''asilica''. On no other occasion do the Greeks pronounce the letter B like /b/ unless in a word the letter M precedes the letter P; then this letter P they pronounce like a /b/, i.e. they write ''am'''p'''elos'' but they read it as ''am'''b'''elos'' with /b/. <br />
<br />
The Arabs also write this letter as the second in their alphabetic sequence just like the Latins and it has the same sound value; but often it is written without any vowel and this can only be changed by the addition of diacritics which then results in ''ba'', ''be'', ''bi'', ''bo'' or ''bu'', something they do with their other consonants, too.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Greek: <br /><br />
The Greek letter is βῆτα /bḗta/ Β,β and it is the 2nd letter in the Greek alphabet.<br />
<br />
Simon comments on some Koine Greek sound changes. <br /><br />
The change from /b/ > /v/ occurred relatively early in the 1st century AD. <br /><br />
Also 'η' > 'ι', /ē/ > /i/, which results in Classical Greek /bḗta/ > /vita/, the latter pronunciation is also used in Modern Greek. <br />
<br />
Somewhat later the sound /p/ - represented by "π" - when preceded by "μ" {representing /m/} became voiced in this environment in Koine, i.e. it changed into /b/. Simon chooses for illustration the word ἄμπελος Classical Greek /ámpelos/ but Koine /ámbelos/ "any climbing plant with tendrils, esp. grape-vine". This sound change is also characteristic of Modern Greek, cf. Ὄλυμπος written /Ólympos/ but pronounced /Ólimbos/. Cf. [[Ambelos]] <br />
<br />
Arabic: <br /><br />
The Arabic letter is ﭚ, named ﺑﺎﺀ /bāʔu/, and it is the 2nd letter in the Arabic alphabet.<br />
<br />
Concerning Arabic, Simon rightly says that on the whole only consonants are written down, but the Arabic script has diacritic marks available for three distinct places of vowel articulation: /i,ī - u,ū – a,ā/. However these diacritics are only ever used in exceptional circumstances, e.g. to disambiguate holy texts. <br />
<br />
Simon's apparently un-Arabic syllables "be" and "bo" reflect variant Arabic pronunciations as heard by Europeans but not felt to be any different by native speakers of Arabic; cf. the appropriate section on vowels in Arabic in [[(A littera)]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:06, 31 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Bahar (1) | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=B_littera&diff=34600B littera2016-12-31T12:06:00Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>B litteram greci vita vocant et in sono .u. consonantis proferunt. Nam dicunt vasilica, latini vero in sonum nostri .b. transferunt et dicunt basilica, aliter autem greci litteram .b. non proferunt nisi quando .m. antecedit .p. tunc illud .p. in sono .b. proferunt, nam scribunt ampelos et legunt ambelos .b. vero arabes eodem modo secundam scribunt in serie sicut latini et eundem sonum habet, verum sepe sine vocali aliqua per additionem notarum variatur et facit ba, be, bi, bo, vel bu, ut cetere consonantes eorum.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
nostri ''om''. f<br />
<br />
aut''em'' BC e | a''u''t''em'' A | a''ut'' f <br />
<br />
.b. non (nõ C f) ABC f | be nõ e<br />
<br />
.p. tunc illud ''om''. e<br />
<br />
.p. in sono (-nũ f) .b. (no''st''ri ''add'' B e f)<br />
<br />
nam scribunt ''om''. f<br />
<br />
Vero arabes - ''new paragraph'' f | uero (v''er''o AC) arabes ABC | nota arabes e<br />
<br />
sec''un''dam (-aʒ A) AC | s''ecund''am e | sed am B | sedam f<br />
<br />
additiõem AC | addic''i''o''ne''ʒ f | adictionẽ (-neʒ e) B e<br />
<br />
variatur ''om''. e<br />
<br />
vt A | & C | sic''ut'' f | sicut et (& B) B e <br />
<br />
eorum ''om''. f<br />
<br />
Yann Dahhaoui (L'Atelier 2001: 208) established the same text on the basis of his collations: <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The Greeks' name for the letter B is ''vita'' and in sound they pronounce it like the consonant /v/. For they say '''''v'''asilica'', but we Latin speakers assign to it the sound of our /b/ and we say '''''b'''asilica''. On no other occasion do the Greeks pronounce letter B like /b/ unless in a word the letter M precedes the letter P; then this letter P they pronounce like a /b/, i.e. they write ''am'''p'''elos'' but they read it as ''am'''b'''elos'' with /b/. <br />
<br />
The Arabs also write this letter as the second in their alphabetic sequence just like the Latins and it has the same sound value; but often it is written without any vowel and this can only be changed by the addition of diacritics which then results in ''ba'', ''be'', ''bi'', ''bo'' or ''bu'', something they do with their other consonants, too.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Greek: <br /><br />
The Greek letter is βῆτα /bḗta/ Β,β and it is the 2nd letter in the Greek alphabet.<br />
<br />
Simon comments on some Koine Greek sound changes. <br /><br />
The change from /b/ > /v/ occurred relatively early in the 1st century AD. <br /><br />
Also 'η' > 'ι', /ē/ > /i/, which results in Classical Greek /bḗta/ > /vita/, the latter pronunciation is also used in Modern Greek. <br />
<br />
Somewhat later the sound /p/ - represented by "π" - when preceded by "μ" {representing /m/} became voiced in this environment in Koine, i.e. it changed into /b/. Simon chooses for illustration the word ἄμπελος Classical Greek /ámpelos/ but Koine /ámbelos/ "any climbing plant with tendrils, esp. grape-vine". This sound change is also characteristic of Modern Greek, cf. Ὄλυμπος written /Ólympos/ but pronounced /Ólimbos/. Cf. [[Ambelos]] <br />
<br />
Arabic: <br /><br />
The Arabic letter is ﭚ, named ﺑﺎﺀ /bāʔu/, and it is the 2nd letter in the Arabic alphabet.<br />
<br />
Concerning Arabic, Simon rightly says that on the whole only consonants are written down, but the Arabic script has diacritic marks available for three distinct places of vowel articulation: /i,ī - u,ū – a,ā/. However these diacritics are only ever used in exceptional circumstances, e.g. to disambiguate holy texts. <br />
<br />
Simon's apparently un-Arabic syllables "be" and "bo" reflect variant Arabic pronunciations as heard by Europeans but not felt to be any different by native speakers of Arabic; cf. the appropriate section on vowels in Arabic in [[(A littera)]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:06, 31 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Bahar (1) | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34599Campsice2016-12-30T12:35:24Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''lenticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Campsice'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: ''sicen'' < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v ''Capsite'' [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/32v/0/Sequence-817]], whose text is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 169, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.317), χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
The sound changes that resulted in the form ''Campsice'' are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, the Greek sound represented by "χ" i.e. /kh/ was pronounced /k/ in Vulgar and medieval Romance- based Latin leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]], [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:31, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Camesichi ]], [[Peplos]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Sichem&diff=34598Sichem2016-12-29T22:26:31Z<p>WilfGunther: Sichen acc. to Dyascorides: is a synonym of campsite.</p>
<hr />
<div>Sichen Dyascorides: vocatur campsite supra in campsite.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Sichen B efjp | Sichem AC <br /><br />
|vocatur | vocarur C {printer’s error} <br /><br />
supra | j͂ {= infra} ''ms''. f<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Sichen'' according to Dyascorides is also called ''campsite''; see the entry above [[Campsice]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Sichen''/ ''campsite'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, latinised ''chamaesyce'', literally means “ground-fig”, and in fact its synonym συκῆ /sykê/ means “fig-tree”, ''sicen'' here representing the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. <br /><br />
The expected transcription from Simon would be *sicen and *c(h)amesice, but all of Simon’s witnesses consulted seem to have the misreading ''campsi'''t'''e'' rather than ''campsi'''c'''e'' although it is notoriously difficult to distinguish the letters “c” and “t” in much of medieval handwriting.<br />
<br />
For all further information see [[Campsice]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 22:26, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Campsice]], [[Camesichi]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Sicia amara | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Camesichi&diff=34597Camesichi2016-12-29T17:42:11Z<p>WilfGunther: Camesichi according to Pliny.</p>
<hr />
<div>Camesichi Plinius folia lentis habet nihil se attollentia in aridis petrosis nascens.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Camesichi ABC ijp | Chamesichi ef <br /><br />
lentis | leucis p<br /><br />
nihil ABC | nichil efijp<br /><br />
attollentia AC jp | atollẽtia ''ms''. e | atollẽcia ''ms''. i | atolẽtia B | atollen<sup>a</sup>m? f<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Camesichi'' according to Pliny has leaves like ''lens'' {“lentil”} and none of them are raised from the ground, and it grows in dry and stony habitats.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Simon’s entry is a quote from Pliny, ''Natural History'', 24, 83, 134, ed. W.H.S. Jones (1938-63: VII.96).<br />
<br />
''Camesichi'': <br /><br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', is a compound of χαμαι- /khamai-/ “on the ground” + σύκη /sýkē/ “fig-tree”, “ground-fig”. Simon’s form ''Camesichi'' reflects several late Greek sound changes: αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, η > ι {/ē/ > i} resulting in the itacist pronunciation /khamesíki/. Further to this Vulgar and medieval Romance-based Latin pronounced the Greek sound represented by the letter “χ”, i.e. /kh/, as /k/ resulting in /kamesíki/, which Simon’s ''Camesichi'' is trying to transcribe. The spelling “ch” in –''si'''ch'''i'' for Greek "κ" {= /k/} is hypercorrect.<br />
<br />
<br />
Although Pliny’s description of the plant is very short it still shows a remarkable similarity to Dioscorides’ description, which is quoted by Simon under [[Campsice]]. Also the medical indications listed by Pliny and Dioscorides, but as usual not quoted by Simon, are nearly identical. One must therefore assume that both ancient authors excerpted from the some unknown source. <br />
<br />
The question remains whether Simon was aware that ''Camesichi'' and ''Campsite'' are ultimately the same word denoting the same plant.<br />
<br />
For all further information see [[Campsice]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 17:42, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camezillum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34596Campsice2016-12-29T17:17:32Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''lenticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Campsice'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: ''sicen'' < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/32v/0/Sequence-817]], whose text is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 169, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.317), χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
The sound changes that resulted in the form ''Campsice'' are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, the Greek sound represented by "χ" i.e. /kh/ was pronounced /k/ in Vulgar and medieval Romance- based Latin leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]], [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:31, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Camesichi ]], [[Peplos]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34595Campsice2016-12-29T14:28:50Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''lenticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Campsice'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: ''sicen'' < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/32v/0/Sequence-817]], whose text is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 169, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.317), χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
The sound changes that resulted in the form ''Campsice'' are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/} leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]], [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:31, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Camesichi ]], [[Peplos]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34594Campsice2016-12-29T12:39:43Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''lenticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Campsice'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: ''sicen'' < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/32v/0/Sequence-817]], whose text is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 169, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.317), χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
The sound changes that resulted in the form ''Campsice'' are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, in Vulgar Latin Greek χ {/kh/} is pronounced /k/, leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]], [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:31, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Camesichi ]], [[Peplos]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34593Campsice2016-12-29T12:31:39Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''lenticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Campsice'': <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: ''sicen'' < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/32v/0/Sequence-817]], whose text is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 169, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.317), χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
The sound changes that resulted in the form ''Campsice'' are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, in Vulgar Latin Greek χ {/kh/} is pronounced /k/, leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:31, 29 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Camesichi ]], [[Peplos]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34592Campsice2016-12-29T12:07:18Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''campsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''leticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice: <br /> <br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym mentioned above: sicen < συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree"; Simon's form ''sicen'' represents the Greek accusative form: συκῆν /sykên/. However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants, i.e. a spurge and the fig-tree. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's source, i.e. Dyascorides alphabeticus cf. Bodmer f 32v, which is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The sound changes affecting the word are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, in Vulgar Latin Greek χ {/kh/} is pronounced /k/, leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the likeliest identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge" [[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_chamaesyce]]. It is a prostrate annual herb that prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. <br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Campsice&diff=34591Campsice2016-12-29T11:38:53Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Campsice aut sicen Dyascoride hastas habet longas digitorum quatuor in terra proiectas lacrimo plenas folia sunt ei lenticule similia et peplo, sed minora et tenuiora, semen habet sub foliis rotundum sicut peplum: et est sine flore radix est illi tenera et inutilis, nascitur asperis et saxosis locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Campsice AC | Campsite B efjp | Capsice i <br /><br />
sicen B fp | sicẽ A | sicem C | sycen ''ms''. e | sit{{overline|e}} i | | sicen l’ sicea j <br /><br />
hastas AC fp | astas B eij <br /><br />
quattuor C | quatuor AB ef | iiii<sup>or</sup> ''ms''. i | ''mss''. jp have the early modern Arabic numeral for "4" as drawn in lines 4 or 5 of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#/media/File:EuropeanFormOfArabianDigits.png]]; ''ms''. j adds superscript <sup>or</sup> <br /><br />
terra ABC | t''er''ram efijp <br /><br />
lacrimo | lachrymo A <br /><br />
sunt ei ''om''. p <br /><br />
semen | se f <br /><br />
{nascitur} in ''add''. fj<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The plant ''camsice'' {"thyme spurge"} or ''sice''. Dyascorides says: It has stalks 4 fingers long, which are spread along the earth and full of sap, with leaves similar to the those of ''leticula'' {"lentil"} and ''peplus'' {"wartweed, ''Euphorbia Peplus''"}, but smaller and thinner. It has its round fruit under its leaves like ''peplus''. It is without flower. It has a tender but medicinally useless root. It grows in rough and rocky places. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Greek χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/ literally means "ground-fig", and in fact its synonym συκῆ /sykê/ means "fig-tree". However, it is not clear what the perceived relationship is between the two very different plants. Carnoy (1959: 76), however, maintains this, '''chamaesycē''', … nom d'une petite euphorbe (''euphorbia Chamaesyce'') dont les branchettes s'étalent sur le sol a la façon – ''mutatis mutandis'' – de celles du figuier – "'''chamaesycē''' is the name of a small euphorbia (''euphorbia Chamaesyce''), whose little branches are stretched over the soil in the manner – ''mutatis mutandis'' – of those of the fig-tree." <br />
<br />
χαμαισύκη /khamaisýkē/, Latinised as ''chamaesyce'', had already suffered a number of corruptions in Simon's ultimate source, Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 164, ed. Stadler (1901: 80-1) ''De camesicu''. The sound changes affecting the word are in accord with changes in late Greek and Vulgar Latin, i.e. late Greek αι > ε {/ai/ > /e/}, υ > ι {/y/ > /i/}, in Vulgar Latin Greek χ {/kh/} is pronounced /k/, leading to /kamesíke/. Also in words of four syllables with stress on the penultimate, the syllable preceding the stress is the weakest, which often led to the loss of the vowel in Vulgar Latin, i.e. /kam(e)síke/; cf. ''civ''(''i'')''táte'' > Spanish ''ciudad'', Portuguese ''cidade'', ''carr''(''i'')''care'' > Spanish ''cargar'' but Portuguese ''carregar''. The resultant variant ''camsice'' is phonetically near-identical to ''campsice''. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most botanical authors agree that the most likely identification of the plant is ''Euphorbia Chamaesyce'' L. (syn. ''Chamaesyce canescens'' (L.) Prokh.) "thyme spurge", is a prostrate annual herb. Prefers to grow on dry, sandy to stony soil along roadsides. Its distribution stretches from the Canary Islands through the Mediterranean to northwestern Russia and Western Asia. It has become invasive, when imported into the USA and Japan. <br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Camum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Cestras&diff=34590Cestras2016-12-27T14:30:36Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Cestras et dexeris vocatur gladiolus herba ut infra in suis locis et cetera.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Cestras ABCD efjp | cestris ''Dioscorides Longobardus'' <br /><br />
dexeris (d’x''er''is p) ABC ep | dixeris fj {''ms''. j has above ''dixeris'' written by a different hand: ''vide'' dexeris} <br /><br />
gladiolus | glãdiolus p <br /><br />
et cetera ''add''. AC<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Cestras'' and ''dexeris'' are synonyms for the herb ''gladiolus'' as is explained in the appropriate entries below, etc.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Cestras'': <br /><br />
Simon's ''cestras'', which appears as ''cestris'' in the source text, i.e. Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 22, ed. Stadler (1901: 18f) ''De xeris'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]], is most likely a ghost word, i.e. the scion of a misread/ misinterpreted/ misremembered word that owes its existence to some infelicity. ''Cestris'' is not mentioned anywhere else in the literature except in quotes from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4 ,22. The word could well be nothing more than a corruption of ''xeris''. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 14:30, 27 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Dexeris]], [[Gladiolus]], [[Xifion]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Cestron (1) | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Dexeris&diff=34589Dexeris2016-12-27T13:17:19Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
cestris ABC ejp | cesteris f <br /><br />
iridi AC | yridi B efjp <br /><br />
latiora | laciora ef <br /><br />
acutiora ABC jp | accutiora ''ms''. e | acuciora f <br /><br />
astam | hastã p <br /><br />
unius ''om''. B <br /><br />
longitudine | longitudinẽ ''ms''. e <br /><br />
grossam AB efj | crossam (c<sup>o</sup>ssaʒ p) C p <br /><br />
sunt capitella habentes semen eius ''om''. j <br /><br />
capitella | capitela B <br /><br />
habentes | hʒ f {= habet} <br /><br />
foliculis ABC fj | folliculis p | follicl’o ''ms''. e <br /><br />
est simile | s. e. ''ms''. j <br /><br />
{cucumeris} semen | seĩe f <br /><br />
nodosa et longa et rufa A e | nodosa & lõga & rufa (ruffa jp) C p | lõga nodosa & ruffa B | nodosa longa et ruffa fj <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. e <br /><br />
gladiolo | gladiola<sup>o</sup> f {with superscript ''o'' for correction} <br /><br />
''Ms''. j adds a note written by a different hand: ''vide'' gladiolus<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
Concerning ''Dexeris'' Dyascorides says: ''Dexeris'' - or they also call it ''cestris'', the Romans call it ''gladiolus'' - has leaves similar to ''iris'', but broader and more pointed, in the middle of the leaves is a stalk that is one cubit long and it is thick, and on its stalk there are little heads that have their seeds in pods, similar to ''cucumis'' {"cucumber"}, the seed is round and dark and of pungent taste; its root is knotty, long and reddish, etc. And in another chapter with the title ''De gladiolo'' {"On the gladiole"} it is witten as ''deteris''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This chapter is made up of large excerpts from Dyascorides alphabeticus (cf. Bodmer f 35r) [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/35r/0/Sequence-817]] Dex''er''is, which is ultimately taken from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 22, ed. Stadler (1901: 18-9), ''De xeris'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]], with the heading obviously misinterpreted in the alphabetic Dyascorides as one word: ''Dexeris'' and adopted by Simon or his predecessors. In more classical Latin the heading would be : ''De xyride''. ''xeris'' itself is a Vulgar Latin form of the classical ''xyris'',idis, i.e. xўris > xĭris > xẹris. The word is borrowed from Greek where it has a large number of variants: ξυρίς /xyrís/, ξιρίς /xirís/, ξειρίς /xeirís/ and ξείρης /xeírēs/. <br /><br />
The original Greek text can be found in ''De materia medica'' 4, 22, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.186-7) ξυρίς /xyrís/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
Simon is reporting the fact that in Dyascorides alphabeticus there are two chapters with near-verbatim texts concerning a plant called ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus''. Apparently the compiler(s) of Dyascorides alphabeticus can’t have been aware of the synonymity of ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus'', although it is expressly stated from the Greek original downwards. In the [[Gladiolus]] entry q.v. the word ''Dexeris'' is indeed corrupted to ''Deteris''. For further information see [[Gladiolus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
The plant is often identified with "gladwyn", ''Iris foetidissima'' L. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_foetidissima]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:03, 27 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Cestras]], [[Deteris]], [[Gladiolus]], [[Xifion]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Dia | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Dexeris&diff=34588Dexeris2016-12-27T12:08:42Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
cestris ABC ejp | cesteris f <br /><br />
iridi AC | yridi B efjp <br /><br />
latiora | laciora ef <br /><br />
acutiora ABC jp | accutiora ''ms''. e | acuciora f <br /><br />
astam | hastã p <br /><br />
unius ''om''. B <br /><br />
longitudine | longitudinẽ ''ms''. e <br /><br />
grossam AB efj | crossam (c<sup>o</sup>ssaʒ p) C p <br /><br />
sunt capitella habentes semen eius ''om''. j <br /><br />
capitella | capitela B <br /><br />
habentes | hʒ f {= habet} <br /><br />
foliculis ABC fj | folliculis p | follicl’o ''ms''. e <br /><br />
est simile | s. e. ''ms''. j <br /><br />
{cucumeris} semen | seĩe f <br /><br />
nodosa et longa et rufa A e | nodosa & lõga & rufa (ruffa jp) C p | lõga nodosa & ruffa B | nodosa longa et ruffa fj <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. e <br /><br />
gladiolo | gladiola<sup>o</sup> f {with superscript ''o'' for correction} <br /><br />
''Ms''. j adds a note written by a different hand: ''vide'' gladiolus<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
Concerning ''Dexeris'' Dyascorides says: ''Dexeris'' - or they also call it ''cestris'', the Romans call it ''gladiolus'' - has leaves similar to ''iris'', but broader and more pointed, in the middle of the leaves is a stalk that is one cubit long and it is thick, and on its stalk there are little heads that have their seeds in pods, similar to ''cucumis'' {"cucumber"}, the seed is round and dark and of pungent taste; its root is knotty, long and reddish, etc. And in another chapter with the title ''De gladiolo'' {"On the gladiole"} it is witten as ''deteris''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This chapter is made up of large excerpts from ultimately Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 22, ed. Stadler (1901: 18-9), ''De xeris'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]], with the heading obviously misinterpreted by Simon or his predecessors as one word: ''Dexeris''. In more classical Latin the heading would be : ''De xyride''. '''xeris''' itself is a Vulgar Latin form of the classical ''xyris'',idis, i.e. xўris > xĭris > xẹris. The word is borrowed from Greek where it has a large number of variants: ξυρίς /xyrís/, ξιρίς /xirís/, ξειρίς /xeirís/ and ξείρης /xeírēs/. <br />
<br />
Simon is reporting the fact that in Dyascorides alphabeticus there are two chapters with near-verbatim texts concerning a plant called ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus''. Apparently the compiler(s) of Dyascorides alphabeticus can’t have been aware of the synonymity of ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus'', although it is expressly stated from the Greek original downwards. In the [[Gladiolus]] entry ''Dexeris'' is indeed corrupted to ''Deteris''. For further information see [[Gladiolus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
The plant is often identified with "gladwyn", ''Iris foetidissima'' L. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_foetidissima]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:03, 27 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Cestras]], [[Deteris]], [[Gladiolus]], [[Xifion]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Dia | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Dexeris&diff=34587Dexeris2016-12-27T12:06:08Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
cestris ABC ejp | cesteris f <br /><br />
iridi AC | yridi B efjp <br /><br />
latiora | laciora ef <br /><br />
acutiora ABC jp | accutiora ''ms''. e | acuciora f <br /><br />
astam | hastã p <br /><br />
unius ''om''. B <br /><br />
longitudine | longitudinẽ ''ms''. e <br /><br />
grossam AB efj | crossam (c<sup>o</sup>ssaʒ p) C p <br /><br />
sunt capitella habentes semen eius ''om''. j <br /><br />
capitella | capitela B <br /><br />
habentes | hʒ f {= habet} <br /><br />
foliculis ABC fj | folliculis p | follicl’o ''ms''. e <br /><br />
est simile | s. e. ''ms''. j <br /><br />
{cucumeris} semen | seĩe f <br /><br />
nodosa et longa et rufa A e | nodosa & lõga & rufa (ruffa jp) C p | lõga nodosa & ruffa B | nodosa longa et ruffa fj <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. e <br /><br />
gladiolo | gladiola<sup>o</sup> f {''with superscript'' o ''for correction''} <br /><br />
''Ms''. j adds a note written by a different hand: ''vide'' gladiolus<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
Concerning ''Dexeris'' Dyascorides says: ''Dexeris'' - or they also call it ''cestris'', the Romans call it ''gladiolus'' - has leaves similar to ''iris'', but broader and more pointed, in the middle of the leaves is a stalk that is one cubit long and it is thick, and on its stalk there are little heads that have their seeds in pods, similar to ''cucumis'' {"cucumber"}, the seed is round and dark and of pungent taste; its root is knotty, long and reddish, etc. And in another chapter with the title ''De gladiolo'' {"On the gladiole"} it is witten as ''deteris''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This chapter is made up of large excerpts from ultimately Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 22, ed. Stadler (1901: 18-9), ''De xeris'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]], with the heading obviously misinterpreted by Simon or his predecessors as one word: ''Dexeris''. In more classical Latin the heading would be : ''De xyride''. '''xeris''' itself is a Vulgar Latin form of the classical ''xyris'',idis, i.e. xўris > xĭris > xẹris. The word is borrowed from Greek where it has a large number of variants: ξυρίς /xyrís/, ξιρίς /xirís/, ξειρίς /xeirís/ and ξείρης /xeírēs/. <br />
<br />
Simon is reporting the fact that in Dyascorides alphabeticus there are two chapters with near-verbatim texts concerning a plant called ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus''. Apparently the compiler(s) of Dyascorides alphabeticus can’t have been aware of the synonymity of ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus'', although it is expressly stated from the Greek original downwards. In the [[Gladiolus]] entry ''Dexeris'' is indeed corrupted to ''Deteris''. For further information see [[Gladiolus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
The plant is often identified with "gladwyn", ''Iris foetidissima'' L. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_foetidissima]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:03, 27 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Cestras]], [[Deteris]], [[Gladiolus]], [[Xifion]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Dia | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Dexeris&diff=34586Dexeris2016-12-27T12:03:35Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Dexeris Dyascorides aut cestris a romanis gladiolus dicitur habet folia iridi similia sed latiora et acutiora et astam in medio foliorum cubiti unius longitudine grossam in qua virge sunt capitella habentes semen eius in foliculis est simile cucumeris semen rotundum et nigrum gustu viscidum, radix est illi nodosa et longa et rufa, et cetera, in capitulo alio de gladiolo deteris scribitur.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
cestris ABC ejp | cesteris f <br /><br />
iridi AC | yridi B efjp <br /><br />
latiora | laciora ef <br /><br />
acutiora ABC jp | accutiora ''ms''. e | acuciora f <br /><br />
astam | hastã p <br /><br />
unius ''om''. B <br /><br />
longitudine | longitudinẽ ''ms''. e <br /><br />
grossam AB efj | crossam (c<sup>o</sup>ssaʒ p) C p <br /><br />
sunt capitella habentes semen eius ''om''. j <br /><br />
capitella | capitela B <br /><br />
habentes | hʒ f {= habet} <br /><br />
foliculis ABC fj | folliculis p | follicl’o ''ms''. e <br /><br />
est simile | s. e. ''ms''. j <br /><br />
{cucumeris} semen | seĩe f <br /><br />
nodosa et longa et rufa A e | nodosa & lõga & rufa (ruffa jp) C p | lõga nodosa & ruffa B | nodosa longa et ruffa fj <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. e <br /><br />
gladiolo | gladiola<sup>o</sup> f {''with superscript'' o ''for correction''} <br /><br />
''Ms''. j adds a note written by a different hand: ''vide'' gladiolus<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
Concerning ''Dexeris'' Dyascorides says: ''Dexeris'' - or they also call it ''cestris'', the Romans call it ''gladiolus'' - has leaves similar to ''iris'', but broader and more pointed, in the middle of the leaves is a stalk that is one cubit long and it is thick, and on its stalk there are little heads that have their seeds in pods, similar to ''cucumis'' {"cucumber"}, the seed is round and dark and of pungent taste; its root is knotty, long and reddish, etc. And in another chapter with the title ''De gladiolo'' {"On the gladiole"} it is witten as ''deteris''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This chapter is made up of large excerpts from ultimately Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 22, ed. Stadler (1901: 18-9), ''De xeris'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi, with the heading obviously misinterpreted by Simon or his predecessors as one word: ''Dexeris''. In more classical Latin the heading would be : ''De xyride''. '''xeris''' itself is a Vulgar Latin form of the classical ''xyris'',idis, i.e. xўris > xĭris > xẹris. The word is borrowed from Greek where it has a large number of variants: ξυρίς /xyrís/, ξιρίς /xirís/, ξειρίς /xeirís/ and ξείρης /xeírēs/. <br />
<br />
Simon is reporting the fact that in Dyascorides alphabeticus there are two chapters with near-verbatim texts concerning a plant called ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus''. Apparently the compiler(s) of Dyascorides alphabeticus can’t have been aware of the synonymity of ''xeris'' and ''gladiolus'', although it is expressly stated from the Greek original downwards. In the [[Gladiolus]] entry ''Dexeris'' is indeed corrupted to ''Deteris''. For further information see [[Gladiolus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
The plant is often identified with "gladwyn", ''Iris foetidissima'' L. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_foetidissima]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:03, 27 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Cestras]], [[Deteris]], [[Gladiolus]], [[Xifion]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Dia | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Balsamita&diff=34585Balsamita2016-12-26T15:20:40Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Balsamita sisimbrium menta aquatica idem apud quosdam arabes vero corrumpentes grecum sisnabar dicunt ubi vero exponitur nemen quod est sisimbrium falsum est ut infra in ne.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
sisimbrium | .i. sisimbriũ ''ms''. e | fisimbriũ B {"long s" misread as 'f'} <br /><br />
sisnabar ABC jp | sisuabar f | sinasbijr ''ms''. e <br /><br />
nemen ABC fj | nomen ep <br /><br />
{est} sisimbrium | sfisimbriũ B<br />
ut infra in ne | quod pʒ {= patet} j͂ {=infra} in nemẽ j<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Balsamita, sisimbrium, menta aquatica'' are the same according to some, and the Arabs say ''sisnabar'', a corruption of the Greek word {i.e. σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/}. But where it is said that Arabic ''nemen'' is Latin ''sisimbrium'' - that is false, as is made clear below in the entry [[Nemen]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary and botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Alphita {ed. Mowat (1887: 19)} [[http://archive.org/stream/alphitaamedicob00mowagoog#page/n33/mode/1up]] confirms the synonymy: ''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum] idem, crescit in pratis, anglice horsmint''… "''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum]'' are the same; the plant grows in meadows; in {Middle-) English it is called horsmint". <br />
<br />
''Balsamita'': <br /><br />
lit. "little balsam", is not mentioned in the literature of Antiquity but occurs first in glossaries and early medieval receptaries and gains acceptance in Medieval Latin; it has survived into botanical Latin. It is often identified as either "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_balsamita]] or as "water mint" ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "horse mint" ''Mentha longifolia'' (L.) Huds. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_longifolia]]; this latter identification is also assumed by the author of the Alphita entry.<br />
<br />
''Sisimbrium'': <br /><br />
more traditionally ''sisymbrium'', is a loan from Greek σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/, which LSJ identify as "bergamot-mint, ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "water-cress, ''Nasturtium officinale'' L." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercress]]. {n.b. The vernacular name "bergamot-mint" is not normally associated with ''Mentha aquatica'', but it should read "water mint" instead.) <br />
<br />
To reconcile all three synonyms with a single plant is difficult, but "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' is the most unlikely because it prefers a dry habitat contrary to all the other plants mentioned which seek damp meadows or the waterside. <br />
<br />
''sisnabar'': <br /><br />
For Arabic sisnabar see [[Sisnabar]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 19/10/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Nemen]], [[Sisambrium]], [[http://www.philosophie.uni-wuerzburg.de/arabic-latin-glossary]] s.v. balsamita<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Balsamus | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Balsamita&diff=34584Balsamita2016-12-26T15:20:00Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Balsamita sisimbrium menta aquatica idem apud quosdam arabes vero corrumpentes grecum sisnabar dicunt ubi vero exponitur nemen quod est sisimbrium falsum est ut infra in ne.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
sisimbrium | .i. sisimbriũ ''ms''. e | fisimbriũ B {"long s" misread as 'f'} <br /><br />
sisnabar ABC jp | sisuabar f | sinasbijr ''ms''. e <br /><br />
nemen ABC fj | ep <br /><br />
{est} sisimbrium | sfisimbriũ B<br />
ut infra in ne | quod pʒ {= patet} j͂ {=infra} in nemẽ j<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Balsamita, sisimbrium, menta aquatica'' are the same according to some, and the Arabs say ''sisnabar'', a corruption of the Greek word {i.e. σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/}. But where it is said that Arabic ''nemen'' is Latin ''sisimbrium'' - that is false, as is made clear below in the entry [[Nemen]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary and botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Alphita {ed. Mowat (1887: 19)} [[http://archive.org/stream/alphitaamedicob00mowagoog#page/n33/mode/1up]] confirms the synonymy: ''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum] idem, crescit in pratis, anglice horsmint''… "''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum]'' are the same; the plant grows in meadows; in {Middle-) English it is called horsmint". <br />
<br />
''Balsamita'': <br /><br />
lit. "little balsam", is not mentioned in the literature of Antiquity but occurs first in glossaries and early medieval receptaries and gains acceptance in Medieval Latin; it has survived into botanical Latin. It is often identified as either "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_balsamita]] or as "water mint" ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "horse mint" ''Mentha longifolia'' (L.) Huds. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_longifolia]]; this latter identification is also assumed by the author of the Alphita entry.<br />
<br />
''Sisimbrium'': <br /><br />
more traditionally ''sisymbrium'', is a loan from Greek σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/, which LSJ identify as "bergamot-mint, ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "water-cress, ''Nasturtium officinale'' L." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercress]]. {n.b. The vernacular name "bergamot-mint" is not normally associated with ''Mentha aquatica'', but it should read "water mint" instead.) <br />
<br />
To reconcile all three synonyms with a single plant is difficult, but "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' is the most unlikely because it prefers a dry habitat contrary to all the other plants mentioned which seek damp meadows or the waterside. <br />
<br />
''sisnabar'': <br /><br />
For Arabic sisnabar see [[Sisnabar]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 19/10/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Nemen]], [[Sisambrium]], [[http://www.philosophie.uni-wuerzburg.de/arabic-latin-glossary]] s.v. balsamita<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Balsamus | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Balsamita&diff=34583Balsamita2016-12-26T15:19:15Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Balsamita sisimbrium menta aquatica idem apud quosdam arabes vero corrumpentes grecum sisnabar dicunt ubi vero exponitur nemen quod est sisimbrium falsum est ut infra in ne.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
sisimbrium | .i. sisimbriũ ''ms''. e | fisimbriũ B {"long s" misread as 'f'} <br /><br />
sisnabar ABC jp | sisuabar f | sinasbijr ''ms''. e <br /><br />
nemen (-mẽ AC fj) ABC fj | nomen (-''en'' p) ep <br /><br />
{est} sisimbrium | sfisimbriũ B<br />
ut infra in ne | quod pʒ {= patet} j͂ {=infra} in nemẽ j<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Balsamita, sisimbrium, menta aquatica'' are the same according to some, and the Arabs say ''sisnabar'', a corruption of the Greek word {i.e. σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/}. But where it is said that Arabic ''nemen'' is Latin ''sisimbrium'' - that is false, as is made clear below in the entry [[Nemen]]. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary and botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Alphita {ed. Mowat (1887: 19)} [[http://archive.org/stream/alphitaamedicob00mowagoog#page/n33/mode/1up]] confirms the synonymy: ''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum] idem, crescit in pratis, anglice horsmint''… "''Balsamita, …, sisimbrium, menta aquatica , [mentastrum]'' are the same; the plant grows in meadows; in {Middle-) English it is called horsmint". <br />
<br />
''Balsamita'': <br /><br />
lit. "little balsam", is not mentioned in the literature of Antiquity but occurs first in glossaries and early medieval receptaries and gains acceptance in Medieval Latin; it has survived into botanical Latin. It is often identified as either "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_balsamita]] or as "water mint" ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "horse mint" ''Mentha longifolia'' (L.) Huds. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_longifolia]]; this latter identification is also assumed by the author of the Alphita entry.<br />
<br />
''Sisimbrium'': <br /><br />
more traditionally ''sisymbrium'', is a loan from Greek σισύμβριον /sisýmbrion/, which LSJ identify as "bergamot-mint, ''Mentha aquatica'' L. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentha_aquatica]] and "water-cress, ''Nasturtium officinale'' L." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercress]]. {n.b. The vernacular name "bergamot-mint" is not normally associated with ''Mentha aquatica'', but it should read "water mint" instead.) <br />
<br />
To reconcile all three synonyms with a single plant is difficult, but "costmary, alecost" ''Tanacetum balsamita'' is the most unlikely because it prefers a dry habitat contrary to all the other plants mentioned which seek damp meadows or the waterside. <br />
<br />
''sisnabar'': <br /><br />
For Arabic sisnabar see [[Sisnabar]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 19/10/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Nemen]], [[Sisambrium]], [[http://www.philosophie.uni-wuerzburg.de/arabic-latin-glossary]] s.v. balsamita<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Balsamus | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Nabati&diff=34582Nabati2016-12-26T12:58:18Z<p>WilfGunther: Nabati = Arabic for Nabataeans.</p>
<hr />
<div>Nabati quando reperitur de aliqua medicina intelligendum est orientalis a nabateia regione orientis que iacet inter iudeam et arabiam, Plinius nabatei qui sunt ex arabia contermini syrie, Ovidius metamorphoseos: eurus ad auroram nabateaque regna recessit.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
quando | q''ua''n''do''qʒ j <br /><br />
orientalis | oxigeuralis? j <br /><br />
nabateia AC e | nabatheia p | nabathea j | nabachea B | nabaitha f <br /><br />
que iacet inter iudeam et arabiam Plinius ''om''. j <br /><br />
iudeam | ĩdeã B <br /><br />
nabatei AC | nabathei B fjp | in bathei ''ms''. e <br /><br />
contermini AC f | cũ termini B ejp <br /><br />
syrie A ef | sirie BC jp <br /><br />
metamorfoseos (metãor- B) B j | methamorphoseos (-seon f) efp | meta. AC <br /><br />
nabateaqʒ AC | nabathei aque B | nabatheiaque efp | nabatheaqʒ j <br /><br />
recessit | recesit B<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Nabati'' when it is found in connection with some medicine must be understood to mean 'Oriental', coming from the region of ''Nabataea'' in the Orient, which lies between Judaea and Arabia. Pliny says that the Nabataeans are from Arabia and share a border with Syria. Ovidius in his Metamorphoses says: ''Eurus'', the southeast wind, withdrew to the dawn regions and to the kingdom of ''Nabatea'' {or Arabia or simply the East} and Persia.. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Nabati: <br /><br />
renders Arabic ﻧﺒﻄﻰ /nabaṭī/ “Nabatean” (Wehr). <br /><br />
For further information see [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabataeans]].<br />
<br />
Sources: <br /><br />
Simon quotes from different authorities:<br />
<br />
Isidore: <br /><br />
Simon's description of where Nabataea lies is taken from Isidore (unacknowledged). <br /><br />
See Isidore’s ''Etymologiae'', 14, 3, 26, Oxford edition (1911) ''de Asia'': ''Nabathea regio … Iacet autem inter Iudaeam et Arabiam'' [[http://archive.org/stream/isidori01isiduoft#page/n550/mode/1up]] - The region of ''Nabataea'' lies between Judaea and Arabia"..<br />
<br />
Pliny: <br /><br />
Simon is alluding to Pliny, ''Natural History'', 12, 37, 73, ed. Rackham (1938-63: IV.54), where he speaks of ''ladanum'', an aromatic resin. This resin was thought to be produced through a convoluted series of happenings, which are relayed by Simon in a more detailed excerpt from Pliny under [[Ladanum]]. <br /><br />
Pliny then continues: <br /><br />
''Sed hoc non alibi fieri quam in Nabataeis qui sunt ex Arabia contermini Syriae'' – “this {accidental production of ''ladanum''} does not happen anywhere else but in the Nabataeans’ land, who are Arabs living next to the Syrians”. <br />
<br />
Ovid: <br /><br />
Simon is referring to Ovid’s first book of the ''Metamorphoses'', telling of the creation of the world, here in particular of the distribution of the winds: 1,61 [[http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/Ovidius/ovi_me01.html#02]]: <br /><br />
''Eurus ad Auroram Nabataeque regna recessit''<br /><br />
''Persidaque''<br />
- "''Eurus'' {the southeast wind} withdrew to the dawn regions and to the kingdom of Nabatea {or Arabia or simply the East} and Persia" ... <br /><br />
N.B. ''Eurus'': from Greek εὖρος /eûros/ “the southeast wind”, also transferred: “the east”. (Lewis and Short). <br /><br />
A more poetic version is offered in the translation by Samuel Garth, John Dryden, et al l. 73-75 [[http://www.bartleby.com/204/195.html]], [[http://www.bartleby.com/br/204.html]]: <br /><br />
"First Eurus to the rising morn is sent // (The regions of the balmy continent); // And Eastern realms, where early Persians run" ...<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:58, 26 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Nabat | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Girba&diff=34581Girba2016-12-25T11:59:10Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Girba grece pila pistatoria mortarius Cassius felix in pluribus locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
pila AC efjp | pilla B <br /><br />
mortarium B efjp | moratrius AC <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Girba'' is Greek for Latin ''pila pistatoria'' {lit. "mortar or cup-shaped vessel for crushing"} or ''mortarius'' id. The word is found in Cassius Felix in numerous passages.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Source: <br /><br />
The word occurs in Cassius Felix's ''De medicina'', 31, ed. Fraisse (2001). Ad polypum et ozaenas {"Against polyps and ''ozaenae'' {i.e. fetid nasal polypus}", where it says, (2001: 72): ''in girba contusis'' - "having well pounded {the ingredients} in a mortar vessel …". <br /><br />
This text is also available online in the Rose edition (1879: 62-3): [[http://www.archive.org/stream/demedicinaexgrae00cassuoft#page/62/mode/2up]].<br />
<br />
''Girba'' also occurs in Dioscorides Longobardus.<br />
<br />
''Girba'': <br /><br />
is not a Greek word but is of Semitic origin, cf. Arabic: ﺟﺮﺍﺏ /ğirāb/ "sack, bag, travelling bag; knapsack; scrotum; covering, case; sheath, scabbard for sword" (Wehr). It entered late Latin changing its meaning from an original "container made of hide for liquid" to becoming synonymous with ''pila'' and ''mortarium'' {both meaning "mortar vessel"}. For a more detailed history of the word with further references, cf. Cassius Felix, ed. Fraisse (2001: 72, annotation 241).<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 22/11/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Gire | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Girba&diff=34580Girba2016-12-25T11:48:36Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Girba grece pila pistatoria mortarius Cassius felix in pluribus locis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
pila AC efjp | pilla B <br /><br />
mortarium B efjp | moratrius AC <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Girba'' is Greek for Latin ''pila pistatoria'' {lit. "mortar or cup-shaped vessel for crushing"} or ''mortarius'' id. The word is found in Cassius Felix in numerous passages.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Source: <br /><br />
The word occurs in Cassius Felix's ''De medicina'', 31, ed. Fraisse (2001). Ad polypum et ozaenas {"Against polyps and ''ozaenae'' {i.e. fetid nasal polypus}", where it says, (2001: 72): ''in girba contusis'' - "having well pounded {the ingredients} in a mortar vessel …". ''Girba'' also occurs in Dioscorides Longobardus.<br />
<br />
''Girba'': <br /><br />
is not a Greek word but is of Semitic origin, cf. Arabic: ﺟﺮﺍﺏ /ğirāb/ "sack, bag, travelling bag; knapsack; scrotum; covering, case; sheath, scabbard for sword" (Wehr). It entered late Latin changing its meaning from an original "container made of hide for liquid" to becoming synonymous with ''pila'' and ''mortarium'' {both meaning "mortar vessel"}. For a more detailed history of the word with further references, cf. Cassius Felix, ed. Fraisse (2001: 72, annotation 241).<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 22/11/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Gire | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Libatina&diff=34579Libatina2016-12-25T10:16:17Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Libatina secundum Dyascoridem dicitur paritaria ut supra in alsinen.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Libatina ABC efj | Libanotina p {contaminated by previous headword ''Libanotis''} <br /><br />
paritaria | peritaria C | p̷tiaria f <br /><br />
ut | ubi B <br /><br />
alsine AC | alsinen B efjp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Libatina'' according to Dyascorides is a synonym for ''paritaria'' {"pellitory"} as stated above in [[Alsinen]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Libatina'': <br /><br />
Simon’s form ''Libatina'' comes from Dioscorides Longobardus which also has ''libatina'', cf. 4, 82, ed. Stadler (1901: 46-7) ''De aligsine'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The Greek original is κλύβατις /klýbatis/, 4, 85, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.245), RV version: ἑλξίνη /helxínē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]]. The path of corruption goes possibly like this: in the Greek Dioscorides the word occurs in the accusative: κλύβατιν /klýbatin/, itacist: /klíbatin/ > */líbatin/ + feminine ending –''a'': ''libatina''.<br />
<br />
Greek κλύβατις /klýbatis/: <br /><br />
is found in Dioscorides and in Nicander’s ''Theriaca'' (ΘΗΡΙΑΚΑ) v. 537 [[https://archive.org/stream/nicandreatheria00keilgoog#page/n270/mode/1up]], there it is also a synonym of ἑλξίνη /helxínē/, see [[Alsinen]]. In Ps. Apuleius, 82, ed. Howald (1927: 148) ''HERBA PERDICALIS'' [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.html]], ''clybatis'' is mentioned as a synonym of ''perdicalis'' in an interpolation from Dioscorides. ''Perdicalis'' – lit. "partridge herb" - and ''helxine'' can be synonyms of Latin ''parietaria''. <br />
<br />
Frisk treats the etymology of κλύβατις /klýbatis as unexplained, whereas Carnoy (1959: 86), s.v. '''clybatis''' links it ultimately to an Indo-European root √''gelebh'' "embrace", since according to him the name can apply to clinging and climbing plants. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:11, 9 September 2015 (BST)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Alsinen]], [[Paritaria]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Libanotidam| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Libatina&diff=34578Libatina2016-12-25T10:14:45Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Libatina secundum Dyascoridem dicitur paritaria ut supra in alsinen.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Libatina ABC efj | Libanotina p {contaminated by previous headword ''Libanotis''} <br /><br />
paritaria | peritaria C | p̷tiaria f <br /><br />
ut | ubi B <br /><br />
alsine AC | alsinen B efjp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Libatina'' according to Dyascorides is a synonym for ''paritaria'' {"pellitory"} as stated above in [[Alsinen]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
<br />
''Libatina'': <br /><br />
Simon’s form ''Libatina'' comes from Dioscorides Longobardus which also has ''libatina'', cf. 4, 82, ed. Stadler (1901: 46-7) ''De aligsine'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The Greek original is κλύβατις /klýbatis/, 4, 85, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.245), RV version: ἑλξίνη /helxínē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]]. The path of corruption goes possibly like this: in the Greek Dioscorides the word occurs in the accusative: κλύβατιν /klýbatin/, itacist: /klíbatin/ > */líbatin/ + feminine ending –''a'': ''libatina''.<br />
<br />
Greek κλύβατις /klýbatis/: <br /><br />
is found in Dioscorides and in Nicander’s ''Theriaca'' (ΘΗΡΙΑΚΑ) v. 537 [[https://archive.org/stream/nicandreatheria00keilgoog#page/n270/mode/1up]], there it is also a synonym of ἑλξίνη /helxínē/, see [[Alsinen]]. In Ps. Apuleius, 82, ed. Howald (1927: 148) ''HERBA PERDICALIS'' [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.html]], ''clybatis'' is mentioned as a synonym of ''perdicalis'' in an interpolation from Dioscorides. ''Perdicalis'' – lit. "partridge herb" - and ''helxine'' can be synonyms of Latin ''parietaria''. <br />
<br />
Frisk treats the etymology of κλύβατις /klýbatis as unexplained, whereas Carnoy (1959: 86), s.v. '''clybatis''' links it ultimately to an Indo-European root √''gelebh'' "embrace", since according to him the name can apply to clinging and climbing plants. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:11, 9 September 2015 (BST)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Alsinen]], [[Paritaria]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Libanotidam| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Libatina&diff=34577Libatina2016-12-25T10:13:53Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Libatina secundum Dyascoridem dicitur paritaria ut supra in alsinen.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Libatina ABC efj | Libanotina p {contaminated by previous headword ''Libanotis''} <br /><br />
paritaria | peritaria C | p̷tiaria f <br /><br />
ut | ubi B <br /><br />
alsine AC | alsinen (-nẽ B p) B efjp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Libatina'' according to Dyascorides is a synonym for ''paritaria'' {"pellitory"} as stated above in [[Alsinen]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
<br />
''Libatina'': <br /><br />
Simon’s form ''Libatina'' comes from Dioscorides Longobardus which also has ''libatina'', cf. 4, 82, ed. Stadler (1901: 46-7) ''De aligsine'' [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. The Greek original is κλύβατις /klýbatis/, 4, 85, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.245), RV version: ἑλξίνη /helxínē/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]]. The path of corruption goes possibly like this: in the Greek Dioscorides the word occurs in the accusative: κλύβατιν /klýbatin/, itacist: /klíbatin/ > */líbatin/ + feminine ending –''a'': ''libatina''.<br />
<br />
Greek κλύβατις /klýbatis/: <br /><br />
is found in Dioscorides and in Nicander’s ''Theriaca'' (ΘΗΡΙΑΚΑ) v. 537 [[https://archive.org/stream/nicandreatheria00keilgoog#page/n270/mode/1up]], there it is also a synonym of ἑλξίνη /helxínē/, see [[Alsinen]]. In Ps. Apuleius, 82, ed. Howald (1927: 148) ''HERBA PERDICALIS'' [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.html]], ''clybatis'' is mentioned as a synonym of ''perdicalis'' in an interpolation from Dioscorides. ''Perdicalis'' – lit. "partridge herb" - and ''helxine'' can be synonyms of Latin ''parietaria''. <br />
<br />
Frisk treats the etymology of κλύβατις /klýbatis as unexplained, whereas Carnoy (1959: 86), s.v. '''clybatis''' links it ultimately to an Indo-European root √''gelebh'' "embrace", since according to him the name can apply to clinging and climbing plants. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 12:11, 9 September 2015 (BST)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Alsinen]], [[Paritaria]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Libanotidam| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=L_Littera&diff=34576L Littera2016-12-24T12:36:11Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>L Littera tam apud grecos quam apud arabes eodem modo se habet sicut apud nos.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
se habet ABC ejp | h. s. ''ms''. f<br />
<br />
Dahhaoui (2001: 212) established the same text on the basis of his collations: <br /><br />
L littera tam apud grecos quam apud arabes eodem modo se habet sicut apud nos. <br /><br />
and he notes these vvll. - not all shown - for: nos] grece scribitur sic λ ''add''.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
The letter "L,l" functions in the same way with the Greeks as with the Arabs just as with us.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
The Greek letter corresponding to "L,l" is "Λ,λ", named λά(μ)δα /lá(m)da/, it is the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet.<br />
<br />
The Arabic letter corresponding to "L,l" is "ﻝ", named ﻻﻡ /lām/, it is the 23rd letter of the Arabic alphabet.<br />
<br />
The different letters all represent the sound /l/, an alveolar lateral consonant in the three languages. <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 01/03/2014<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Lahabum| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Flegmagogum&diff=34575Flegmagogum2016-12-24T10:41:34Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Flegmagogum grece flegmatis purgativum.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Whole entry missing in p <br /><br />
flegmatis AC j | fleũatis B | fl’atis ''ms''. e | flegmatic''is'' f <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Flegmagogum'' is Greek for "loosening agent of phlegm".<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Flegmagogum'': <br /><br />
φλεγμαγωγός /phlegmagōgós/ a compound adjective of φλέγμα /phlégma/ "phlegm" + ἀγωγός /agōgós/ "guiding, guide" meaning "carrying off phlegm" (LSJ).<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 17/11/13<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Flegmon | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Flebotomia&diff=34574Flebotomia2016-12-24T10:18:29Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Flebotomia vene incisio a fles quod est vena et tome quod est incisio vel sectio.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Flebotomia AC ej | Flobotomia B | Flebothomia fp <br /><br />
incisio | inscisio j {twice} <br /><br />
fles AC | flebs B | fleps ejp | feleps f <br /><br />
quod est vena ''om''. ejp <br /><br />
tome AC | tomos B j | tamos ''ms''. e | thomos fp <br /><br />
vel sectio ''om''. f <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
Greek ''Flebotomia'' translates into Latin as ''vene incisio'' {"cutting into a vein"}; from Greek ''fles'', which means "vein", and ''tome'', which means "incision" or ''sectio'' {"cutting"}.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Flebotomia'': <br /><br />
Greek φλεβοτομία /phlebotomía/ is the term for "blood-letting". It is a compound noun consisting of φλέψ /phléps/, gen. φλεβός /phlebós/ meaning "blood-vessel, whether vein or artery, but sometimes distinguished from artery" (LSJ) and τομή /tomḗ/ or τομός /tomós/ from τέμνω /témnō/ "cutting, cleaving".<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 17/11/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
See [[Flebs]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Flegmagogum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Asitia&diff=34573Asitia2016-12-23T23:03:30Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Asitia grece ieiunia asitos ieiunus.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
{ieiunia} ''ms''. p adds an attempt at writing ἀσιτία /asitía/ in Greek script <br /><br />
asitos B f | assitos AC | unde asyros e {'y' interchanged with 'i'; 't' misread as 'r'} | A<strike>srio</strike>s with -''tio''- written superscript for correction ms. j. ''Asitos'' is rubricated ''mss''. jp <br /><br />
ieiunus | ieiuno<sup>u</sup>s f<br /><br />
{ieiunus} ''ms''. p adds an attempt at writing ἄσιτος /ásitos/ in Greek script<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Asitia'' {noun} is Greek for "fasting", ''asitos'' {adjective} means the same.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Asitia'': <br /><br />
Greek ἀσιτία /asitía/ means "want of food; abstinence from food; want of appetite" (LSJ); ἄσιτος /ásitos/ is the pertinent adjective. They are both forms consisting of ἀ- /a-/ {"un-, non"} + a derivative of e.g σιτέω /sitéō/ "take food, eat". <br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 23:03, 23 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Asius | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Ligurum&diff=34572Ligurum2016-12-23T22:41:44Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Ligurum vocatur a multis urina lincis secundum Dyascoridem et lapis ex ipsa generatus dicitur elecorum capitulo de locio.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
a multis vocatur | v. a. m. AC <br /><br />
lincis | linciis B <br /><br />
lapis ''om''. f <br /><br />
generatus | generatur A <br /><br />
elecorum (-rũ B e) AB e | eleco''rum'' C p | olico''rum'' f | electoruʒ j <br /><br />
de locio AC ef | de lotio B jp <br /><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Urina lincis'' {"lynx's urine"}, according to Dyascorides, is called by many people ''ligurum'', and a stone is produced from it, called ''elecorum'', as stated in the chapter: ''De lotio'' {"On urine"}. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
Simon refers to Dyascorides alphabeticus Bodmer [f 46r] ''Lociuʒ lincis'' {"lynx's urine"} [[http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/fmb/cb-0058/46r/0/Sequence-817]], or Dioscorides Longobardus, 2, 64, ed. Stadler (1899: 206-7) ''De lotium humanum'' {sic!} {"On human urine"} [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=GDZPPN001193120&physid=phys194#navi]], where the perceived medicinal properties of the urine of a number of animals are described. <br />
<br />
''elecorum'': <br /><br />
As for lynx's urine Dioscorides Longobardus says: ''Lincei urinam, quem multi ligurum vocant, mox mejaverit, lapis fiet, quem multi elecorum vocant'' – "Lynx urine, which many people call ''ligurum'', turns to stone soon after the lynx has let water, and many people also call this stone ''elecorum''." <br />
<br />
In the original Greek text of Dioscorides, 2, 81, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: I.164-5 [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_1_2.html ]]: οὖρον ἀνθρώπου τὸ ἴδιον /oũron anthrṓpou tò ídion/ "Man’s own urine", the view that lynx's urine turns into stone is called μάταιος /mátaios/ "empty, idle, without ground", and it is said that this 'stone' is in truth a substance called ἤλεκτρον πτερυγοφόρον /ḗlektron pterygophóron/ "feather-attracting amber", but no such scepticism is found in the Longobardic translation. It was also in this translation that ἤλεκτρον /ḗlektron/ was corrupted to ''elecorum''.<br />
<br />
''ligurum'':<br /><br />
The word ''ligurum'', apparently contaminated by later authors with the place-name ''ligurius'', {"from Liguria"}, cf. the variant ''ligurius'' and Simon's ''ligurum'', has the seemingly etymologically more correct variants ''lyncurion, lyncurium, lyncurius'' (Isidore) and many more. They all go back to a group of Greek variants like λυγκούριον /lynkoúrion/, λυγγούριον /lyngoúrion/, also λιγκούριον /linkoúrion/ and λιγγούριον /lingoúrion/, in Aëtius even λογγούριον /longoúrion/ according to LSJ, where it is also said, that the term "was derived by the ancients from a compound λύγξ /lýnx/ {'lynx', with the roots λυγκ- /lynk-/ and λυγγ- /lyng-/} + οὖρον /oũron/ {'urine'}". <br />
<br />
Fühner (1902: 103-4) on the other hand maintains that the term was originally the name for amber. Amber, brought to southern Europe from the North Sea and the Baltic, was imported into Greece by Ligurian, i.e. cisalpine, traders. Later the name "Ligurian" was misconstrued and a fantastic story was constructed to suit this popular etymology. This would also explain why there are so many variant forms of the term. <br />
<br />
For further information see the excellent work by Duffin (2008: 11-20). [[http://ps.mnhn.lu/ferrantia/publications/Ferrantia54.pdf]]<br />
<br />
Also: Fühner (1902: 103-5). [[https://archive.org/stream/lithotherapiehi00fhgoog#page/n113/mode/2up/search/ligurius]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 15/12/2013<br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Elecorum]], [[Lapis lincis]] <br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Ligustrum| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Trociscus_ypocapniscus&diff=34571Trociscus ypocapniscus2016-12-23T22:33:53Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Trociscus ypocapniscus .i. suffumigatorius Cassius felix capitulo de tussi humida.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Trociscus AC fjp | Tro͞c e | Tro B <br /><br />
ypocapnistus B fjp | ypocapniscus AC | ypocapnisticus ''ms''. e <br /><br />
suffumigatorius AC efp | sufũigatoriũ B | subfũigatorius j <br /><br />
tussi | tussim C<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Trociscus ypocapniscus'': the trochisk which is called in Greek ''ypocapnistus'', which is in Latin ''suffumigatorius'' {meaning "used for fumigation"}, is described in Cassius Felix, in his chapter ''De tussi humida'' {"On wet/productive cough"}. <br />
<br />
<br />
See also: [[Ypocapniscus trociscus]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Troco | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Fiteuma&diff=34570Fiteuma2016-12-23T22:27:26Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Fiteuma Dyascorides Folia habet similia structio sed minora, semen multum et partusum radicem longam et tenuem et non in altum demersam. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Fiteuma AC | Fireuma B efp {‘t’ misread as ‘r’} | Fiteuina? ''or'' Fiteuma j <br /><br />
structio ABC e | strutio p | strutõ ''or'' strut''i''o j | strucio f <br /><br />
partusum C | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tusum A efp | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tussũ B | ptusuʒ j <br /><br />
{tenuem} et ''om''. j <br /><br />
non ''om''. B <br /><br />
altum AC | alto B efjp <br /><br />
demersam ABC f | dim''er''saʒ jp | diu''er''sam ''ms''. e <br /><br />
{demersam} et cetera ''add''. jp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Fiteuma'' according to Dyascorides has leaves similar to ''structio'' {"soap wort"}, but they are smaller, the fruit {''Graece'': καρπός /karpós/} are many and perforated, with a root that is long and thin and not sunk deep. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span> <br /><br />
<br />
Source: <br /><br />
Simon’s entry is a near verbatim quote from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 123, ed. Stadler (1901: 58-9) De fiteuma [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. <br /><br />
The original Greek text can be found in 4, 128, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.274) φύτευμα /phyteuma/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
''Fiteuma'': <br /><br />
Greek φύτευμα /phýteuma/, medieval Greek /fítevma/ but medieval Latin speakers pronounced /fité-uma/, either of the last two pronunciations clould be represented by Simon’s transcription. <br /><br />
The word means basically “that which is planted” or “plant” (LSJ). The name was then also used for a particular plant, described above by Dioscorides. Concerning the naming motive: as often semantic vagueness - here “the plant” - is used to express specific taboo or sexual meanings, cf. English “doing it”. This plant then had the reputation of being a love philtre: Dioscorides Longobardus – not quoted by Simon - states: ''Quam plurimi dicunt data amorem facit'' – “Many say of it that when administered it creates carnal lust.” <br /><br />
''Phyteuma'' is also mentioned by Pliny (Natural History, 27, 99, 124, ed. W.H.S. Jones (1938-63: VII.466) who simply refuses to describe the plant because: ''Phyteuma quale sit, describere supervacuum habeo, cum sit usus eius tantum ad amatoria'' – "''Phyteuma'' is of such a nature that I think it of no benefit to describe it because it is only used for love philtres". <br />
<br />
''structio'': <br /><br />
See [[Struction]], [[Struthion (2)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most authors as far back as Sprengel (1807: 174 [[http://www.archive.org/stream/curtiisprengelh00spregoog#page/n195/mode/1up]]), also e.g. André (1985: 199), Beck (2005: 298), Berendes (1901: 436), agree that ''phyteuma'' is ''Reseda phyteuma'' L. "crosswort", "rampion or corn mignonette" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reseda_phyteuma]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 20:58, 23 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See [[Struction]], [[Struthion (2)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Fiton | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Fiteuma&diff=34569Fiteuma2016-12-23T20:58:45Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Fiteuma Dyascorides Folia habet similia structio sed minora, semen multum et partusum radicem longam et tenuem et non in altum demersam. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Fiteuma AC | Fireuma B efp {‘t’ misread as ‘r’} | Fiteuina? ''or'' Fiteuma j <br /><br />
structio ABC e | strutio p | strutõ ''or'' strut''i''o j | strucio f <br /><br />
partusum C | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tusum A efp | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tussũ B | ptusuʒ j <br /><br />
{tenuem} et ''om''. j <br /><br />
non ''om''. B <br /><br />
altum AC | alto B efjp <br /><br />
demersam ABC f | dim''er''saʒ jp | diu''er''sam ''ms''. e <br /><br />
{demersam} et cetera ''add''. jp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Fiteuma'' according to Dyascorides has leaves similar to ''structio'' {"soap wort"}, but they are smaller, the fruit {''Graece'': καρπός /karpós/} are many and perforated, with a root that is long and thin and not sunk deep. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span> <br /><br />
<br />
Source: <br /><br />
Simon’s entry is a near verbatim quote from Dioscorides Longobardus, 4, 123, ed. Stadler (1901: 58-9) De fiteuma [[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN345572629_0011|log10&physid=phys10#navi]]. <br /><br />
The original Greek text can be found in 4, 128, ed. Wellmann (1906-14: II.274) φύτευμα /phyteuma/ [[http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.html]].<br />
<br />
''Fiteuma'': <br /><br />
Greek φύτευμα /phýteuma/, medieval Greek /fítevma/ but medieval Latin speakers pronounced /fité-uma/, either of the last two pronunciations clould be represented by Simon’s transcription. <br /><br />
The word means basically “that which is planted” or “plant” (LSJ). The name was then also used for a particular plant, described above by Dioscorides. Concerning the naming motive: as often semantic vagueness - here “the plant” - is used to express specific taboo or sexual meanings, cf. English “doing it”. This plant then had the reputation of being a love philtre: Dioscorides Longobardus – not quoted by Simon - states: ''Quam plurimi dicunt data amorem facit'' – “Many say of it that when administered it creates carnal lust.” <br /><br />
''Phyteuma'' is also mentioned by Pliny (Natural History, 27, 99, 124, ed. W.H.S. Jones (1938-63: VII.466) who simply refuses to describe the plant because: ''Phyteuma quale sit, describere supervacuum habeo, cum sit usus eius tantum ad amatoria'' – "''Phyteuma'' is of such a nature that I think it of no benefit to describe it because it is only used for love philtres". <br />
<br />
''structio'': <br /><br />
See [[Struction]], [[Struthion (2)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
Most authors as far back as Sprengel (1807: 174 [[http://www.archive.org/stream/curtiisprengelh00spregoog#page/n195/mode/1up]]), also e.g. André (1985: 199), Beck (2005: 298), Berendes (1901: 436), agree that ''phyteuma'' is ''Reseda phyteuma'' L. "rampion or corn mignonette" [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reseda_phyteuma]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 20:58, 23 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See [[Struction]], [[Struthion (2)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Fiton | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Fiteuma&diff=34568Fiteuma2016-12-23T20:20:31Z<p>WilfGunther: Fiteuma acc. to Dyascorides.</p>
<hr />
<div>Fiteuma Dyascorides Folia habet similia structio sed minora, semen multum et partusum radicem longam et tenuem et non in altum demersam. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Fiteuma AC | Fireuma B efp {‘t’ misread as ‘r’} | Fiteuina? ''or'' Fiteuma j <br /><br />
structio ABC e | strutio p | strutõ ''or'' strutio j | strucio f <br /><br />
partusum C | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tusum A efp | p''ar''- ''or'' p''er''tussũ B | ptusuʒ j <br /><br />
{tenuem} et ''om''. j <br /><br />
non ''om''. B <br /><br />
altum AC | alto B efjp <br /><br />
demersam ABC f | dim''er''saʒ jp | diu''er''sam ''ms''. e <br /><br />
{demersam} et cetera ''add''. jp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Fiteuma'' according to Dyascorides has leaves similar to ''structio'' {"soap wort"}, but they are smaller, the fruit {Graece: καρπός /karpós/} are many and perforated, with a root that is long and thin and not sunk deep. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span> <br /><br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Fiton | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Sitaregum&diff=34567Sitaregum2016-12-22T15:44:14Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Sitaregum pro sceitaregi Stephanus lepidum est et cetera.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Sitaregum ABC efj | Sistaregũ p <br /><br />
sceitaregi AC fjp | sceitaragi B | scetaragi ''ms''. e <br /><br />
lepidum est AC | e. l. (lipid''um'' ''ms''. e) B efjp <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. B efjp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Sitaregum'' is what Stephanus writes for {Arabic} ''sceitaregi'', which is ''lepidum'' {“garden-cress; pepperwort”} in Latin, et cetera.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This is Stephanus’ latinised version of Arabic ﺳﻴﻄﺮﺝ /sīṭarağ/, ﺷﻴﺘﺮﺝ /šītarağ/ or ﺷﻴﻄﺮﺝ /šīṭarağ/. For further information on these forms see Simon’s entry [[Sceitaragi]].<br />
<br />
<br />
Stephanus in his ''Breviarium'' writes: ''lepidiõ … sitaregũ'' [[http://personal.rhul.ac.uk/urra/350/StephBerlin/13.jpg]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span> <br /><br />
See [[Lepidum]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 15:42, 22 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Sceitaragi]], [[Lepidum]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Sitos | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Sitaregum&diff=34566Sitaregum2016-12-22T15:42:28Z<p>WilfGunther: Stephanus's sitaregum = lepidum.</p>
<hr />
<div>Sitaregum pro sceitaregi Stephanus lepidum est et cetera.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
Sitaregum ABC efj | Sistaregũ p <br /><br />
sceitaregi AC fjp | sceitaragi B | scetaragi ''ms''. e <br /><br />
lepidum est AC | e. l. (lipid''um'' ''ms''. e) B efjp <br /><br />
et cetera ''om''. B efjp<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Sitaregum'' is what Stephanus writes for {Arabic} ''sceitaregi'', which is ''lepidum'' {“garden-cress; pepperwort”} in Latin, et cetera.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
This is Stephanus’ latinised version of Arabic ﺳﻴﻄﺮﺝ /sīṭarağ/, ﺷﻴﺘﺮﺝ /šītarağ/ or ﺷﻴﻄﺮﺝ /šīṭarağ/. For further information on these forms see Simon’s entry [[Sceitaragi]].<br />
<br />
<br />
Stephanus in his ''Breviarium'' writes: ''lepidiõ … sitaregũ'' [[http://personal.rhul.ac.uk/urra/350/StephBerlin/13.jpg]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Botanical identification:</span><br />
See [[Lepidum]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 15:42, 22 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
See also [[Sceitaragi]], [[Lepidum]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Sitos | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Askincor&diff=34565Askincor2016-12-22T11:41:10Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Askincor arabice stincus.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
In ''ms''. p this entry is added seamlessly on to the text of the entry ''Askil''. <br /><br />
Askincor ACD efj | Askinchor B | askicon {‘s’ inserted by a different hand} <br /><br />
stincus | stinckus ''ms''. e<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Askincor'' is Arabic for Latin ''stincus'' {"skink lizard"}.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Askincor'': <br /><br />
Siggel (1950: 14): ﺍﺳﻗﻧﻗﻮﺭ /isqanqūr/ Scincus officinalis, Skunx {i.e. "skink lizard"}. Simon's form shows vowel metathesis: */asqinqūr/. This lemma is ultimately a loan from Greek, see below.<br />
<br />
''scincus''/ ''stincus'': <br /><br />
'c' misread as 't' in ''scincus''. The misreading ''stincus'', e.g. present in all of Simon's witnesses, was common; even Linnaeus named the animal erroneously Lacerta stincus [sic|] <br />
<br />
''scincus'': <br /> <br />
Latin ''scincus/scincos'' is adopted from Greek σκίγγος /skíngos/, σκίγκος /skínkos/, English skink; it is "a kind of lizard found in Africa and the East, used in medicine" (LSJ).<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Zoological identification:</span><br />
<br />
It is most likely ''Scincus scincus'', Linnaeus (1758), syn. ''Scincus officinalis'' by several authors, cf. Siggel (1950). [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scincus_scincus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 11:40, 22 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Askil | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Askincor&diff=34564Askincor2016-12-22T11:40:40Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Askincor arabice stincus.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
In ''ms''. p this entry is added seamlessly on to the text of the entry ''Askil''. <br /><br />
Askincor ACD efj | Askinchor B | askicon {‘s’ inserted by a different hand} <br /><br />
stincus | stinckus ''ms''. e<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Askincor'' is Arabic for Latin ''stincus'' {"skink lizard"}.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Askincor'': <br /><br />
Siggel (1950: 14): ﺍﺳﻗﻧﻗﻮﺭ /isqanqūr/ Scincus officinalis, Skunx {i.e. "skink lizard"}. Simon's form shows vowel metathesis: */asqinqūr/. This lemma is ultimately a loan from Greek, see below.<br />
<br />
''scincus''/ ''stincus'': <br /><br />
'c' misread as 't' in ''scincus''. The misreading ''stincus'', e.g. present in all of Simon's witnesses, was common; even Linnaeus named the animal erroneously Lacerta stincus [sic|] <br />
<br />
''scincus'': <br /> <br />
Latin ''scincus/scincos'' is adopted from Greek σκίγγος /skíngos/, σκίγκος /skínkos/, English skink; it is "a kind of lizard found in Africa and the East, used in medicine" (LSJ).<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Zoological identification:</span><br />
<br />
It is most likely ''Scincus scincus'', Linnaeus (1758) , syn. ''Scincus officinalis'' by several authors, cf. Siggel (1950). [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scincus_scincus]].<br />
<br />
<br />
[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 11:40, 22 December 2016 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Askil | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Samag&diff=34563Samag2016-12-21T22:16:57Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
<hr />
<div>Samag arabice gummi arabicum.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
<br />
gummi (gũmi AC f) AC fj | gũi B ep <br /><br />
{gummi} arabicum ''add''. j and added by a different hand: ''vide'' Dafernon.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Samag'' is Arabic for Latin ''gummi arabicum'' {"gum arabic"}. <br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
<br />
''Samag'': <br /><br />
Wehr (1976): ﺼﻤﻎ /ṣamġ/ "mucilage"; /ṣamġ ʕarabī/ ﺼﻤﻎ ﻋﺭﺑﻰ {"gum arabic"}.<br />
<br />
A vocalisation much closer to Simon’s is found in the Vocabulista glossary of Andalusi Arabic: ed. Schiaparelli (1871: 131): ﺼﻤﻎ /ṣamġ/ [[https://archive.org/stream/vocabulistainara00bibluoft#page/131/mode/1up]], but (1871: 411): GUMI ﺼﻤﻎ /ṣam'''a'''ġ/ [[https://archive.org/stream/vocabulistainara00bibluoft#page/411/mode/1up]]. <br /><br />
The vocalisation /ṣamaġ/ is also attested in de Alcalá (1883: 262): "''goma sudor de arbol''" {i.e. "gum, exudation from trees"} ''çámag'' [[https://archive.org/stream/petrihispanidel00lagagoog#page/n285/mode/1up]], <br /><br />
and as late as in the early 17th c. in Spain by the Morisco community, cf. Karbstein (2002: 217: 2) Gummi arabicum ﺻﻤﻎ ﻋﺮﺑﻰ /ṣamaġ ʕarabī/.<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 26/05/2014<br />
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See also: [[Gummi arabicum]], [[Daferuon]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Samanech | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Osatis&diff=34562Osatis2016-12-21T21:43:47Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Osatis Macer osatis a grecis est vulgo gaisdo vocata non modicum questum prebens tinctoribus herba.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
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osatis ABC fjp | satis ''ms''. e <br /><br />
gaisdo AC fjp | gaysdo B | grusco e <br /><br />
herba ABC fp | herba utilis ''ms''. e | herbaseuʒ j {''ms''. j has collapsed the last word of this entry with the headword of the next entry [[Oseum]] of which the text is seamlessly added on.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
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The herb is called ''osatis'' by the Greeks, and in everyday language ''gaisdo''.<br />
It provides the cloth dyers with an enormous profit.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
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This is a verbatim quote from Macer Floridus, cf. ed. Choulant (1832: 101) [[http://www.archive.org/stream/deviribusherbaru00mace#page/101/mode/1up]]: Verses <br /><br />
1766: ''Isatis a Graecis est vulgo Gaisdo vocata,''<br /><br />
1767: ''Non modicum quaestum praebens tinctoribus herba.''<br />
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''Osatis'': <br /> <br />
Simon's form ''osatis'' is puzzling since the Greek word for woad is ἰσάτις /isátis/. However Choulant mentions in his apparatus criticus two early editions that have ''usatis''. Simon must have had a similar source from which he took his form ''osatis''. Perhaps he did not see ''isatis'' and ''osatis'' as the same plant, since he has extra entries for ''isatis'' and ''osatis'' but without any cross-referencing.<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 02/12/2013<br />
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See also: [[Gaisdo]], [[Isatis (1)]], [[Isatis (2)]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Oseum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Licos&diff=34561Licos2016-12-21T21:40:45Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Licos grece lupus.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
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''Whole entry om''. B efjp<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
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''Licos'' is Greek for Latin ''lupus'' {"wolf"}.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
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This entry only occurs in witnesses A and C. This is probably a later addition, which why it is absent from witnesses B efjp. This spelling is simply a more Latinised transcription of ''likos'', which represents Greek λύκος /lýkos/, here in its medieval itacist pronunciation /líkos/.<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] 14:30, 21 September 2014 (BST)<br />
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See also: [[Likos]], [[Licantropia]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Licon| Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Susanum&diff=34560Susanum2016-12-21T21:26:58Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Susanum scripsit Stephanus pro susen.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
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Stephanus writes ''susanum'' for {Arabic} ''susen'' {"lily"}.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
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Stephanus in his ''Breviarium'' writes: k''r''rinõ sufanũ albũ<br />
[[http://personal.rhul.ac.uk/urra/350/StephBerlin/12.jpg]]. <br /><br />
N.b. Greek κρίνον /krínon/ means “lily”, see [[Krimon]]; <br /><br />
Arabic ﺳﻮﺴﻦ /sūsan/ is given a Latinised ending: susan-''um''; sufanũ < susanũ with ‘sa’ misread as ‘fa’; <br /><br />
Latin ''album'' means "white".<br />
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[[User:WilfGunther|WilfGunther]] ([[User talk:WilfGunther|talk]]) 21:03, 1 February 2016 (GMT)<br />
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See also [[Susen]]<br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Susinum oleum | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Disforos&diff=34559Disforos2016-12-21T21:24:29Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Disforos grece difficilis.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
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In B Disforos is not given beginning of the line headword status, but it is part of the column beginning on the previous page with Dipteris. <br /><br />
Disforos ABC fj | Disfros ''ms''. e | Difforos p <br /><br />
difficilis AC efj | dificilis B | difficil<sup>e</sup> p<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
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''Disforos'' is Greek for Latin ''difficilis'' {"difficult"}.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Commentary:</span><br />
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''Disforos'': <br /><br />
Greek δύσφορος /dýsphoros/ - itacist /dísforos/ - "hard to bear, heavy; grievous; (of food) oppressive; moving with difficulty, slow of motion" (LSJ) < δυσ- /dys-/ {"un-, mis-, hard to"} + φορος /phoros/ "bearing". <br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Discritos | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGuntherhttps://simonofgenoa.org/index.php?title=Disforos&diff=34558Disforos2016-12-21T21:23:23Z<p>WilfGunther: </p>
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<div>Disforos grece difficilis.<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Apparatus:</span><br />
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In B Disforos is not given beginning of the line headword status, but it is part of the column beginning on the previous page with Dipteris. <br /><br />
Disforos ABC fj | Disfros ''ms''. e | Difforos p <br /><br />
difficilis AC efj | dificilis B | difficil<sup>e</sup> p<br />
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<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
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''Disforos'' is Greek for Latin ''difficilis'' {"difficult"}.<br />
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<br />
<span style="color:#3CB371">Translation:</span><br />
<br />
''Disforos'': <br /><br />
Greek δύσφορος /dýsphoros/ - itacist /dísforos/ - "hard to bear, heavy; grievous; (of food) oppressive; moving with difficulty, slow of motion" (LSJ) < δυσ- /dys-/ {"un-, mis-, hard to"} + φορος /phoros/ "bearing". <br />
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<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-right: 1em;">[[Discritos | Next entry]]</div></div>WilfGunther